"冒犯" meaning in All languages combined

See 冒犯 on Wiktionary

Verb [Chinese]

IPA: /mɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ fän⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Standard-Chinese, Sinological-IPA], /mou̯²² faːn²²/ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Sinological-IPA], /mo⁵⁵ fam⁵⁵/ [Hakka, Sixian, Miaoli, Neipu, Sinological-IPA], /mɔ̃⁴¹⁻²² huan²²/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, Quanzhou, IPA], /mɔ̃²²⁻²¹ huan²²/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, Xiamen, Zhangzhou, IPA], /mɔ̃³³⁻²¹ huan³³/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, Xiamen, Zhangzhou, IPA, Kaohsiung], /mɔ̃³³⁻¹¹ huan³³/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, Xiamen, Zhangzhou, IPA, Taipei], /bɔ³³⁻²¹ huan³³/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, Taiwan, variant, IPA, Kaohsiung], /bɔ³³⁻¹¹ huan³³/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, Taiwan, variant, IPA, Taipei] Audio: LL-Q9186-Luilui6666-冒犯.wav [Cantonese, Jyutping]
Head templates: {{zh-verb}} 冒犯
  1. (transitive) to offend Tags: transitive Derived forms: 冒犯性 (màofànxìng), 冒犯者 Related terms: 侵犯 (qīnfàn)
    Sense id: en-冒犯-zh-verb-Sy0e7T7T Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Synonyms: 唐突 (tángtū) [literary], 干犯 (gānfàn) [literary], 得失 (déshī) [dialectal], 得罪 (dézuì), , 沖犯 (chōngfàn), 冲犯 (chōngfàn), 碰撞 (pèngzhuàng), 衝撞 (chōngzhuàng), 冲撞 (chōngzhuàng), 觸犯 (chùfàn), 触犯 (chùfàn), 開罪 (kāizuì) [literary], 开罪 (kāizuì) [literary]
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "冒犯"
          },
          "expansion": "冒犯",
          "name": "lang"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ko",
            "2": "모범(冒犯)",
            "3": "",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "bor": "1",
            "id": "冒犯",
            "id2": "",
            "id3": "",
            "id4": "",
            "pos": "",
            "pos2": "",
            "pos3": "",
            "pos4": "",
            "t": "",
            "t2": "",
            "t3": "",
            "t4": ""
          },
          "expansion": "→ Korean: 모범(冒犯) (mobeom)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "mạo phạm",
            "bor": "1",
            "id": "冒犯",
            "pos": "",
            "t": "",
            "tr": "冒犯"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Vietnamese: mạo phạm (冒犯)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "冒犯",
            "2": "",
            "3": "모범",
            "4": "mạo phạm",
            "5": "",
            "6": "",
            "h": "冒犯",
            "j2": "",
            "j2t": "",
            "j3": "",
            "j3t": "",
            "j4": "",
            "j4t": "",
            "jdesc": "",
            "jje2": "",
            "jje2t": "",
            "jje3": "",
            "jje3t": "",
            "jje4": "",
            "jje4t": "",
            "jjedesc": "",
            "jjet": "",
            "jt": "",
            "k2": "",
            "k2t": "",
            "k3": "",
            "k3t": "",
            "k4": "",
            "k4t": "",
            "kdesc": "",
            "kt": "",
            "o": "冒犯",
            "o2": "",
            "o2t": "",
            "o3": "",
            "o3t": "",
            "o4": "",
            "o4t": "",
            "odesc": "",
            "ot": "",
            "s": "冒犯",
            "v": "冒犯",
            "v2": "",
            "v2t": "",
            "v3": "",
            "v3t": "",
            "v4": "",
            "v4t": "",
            "vdesc": "",
            "vt": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (冒犯):\n* → Korean: 모범(冒犯) (mobeom)\n* → Vietnamese: mạo phạm (冒犯)",
          "name": "CJKV/code"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "",
            "2": "",
            "3": "모범",
            "4": "mạo phạm"
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (冒犯):\n* → Korean: 모범(冒犯) (mobeom)\n* → Vietnamese: mạo phạm (冒犯)",
          "name": "CJKV"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sino-Xenic (冒犯):\n* → Korean: 모범(冒犯) (mobeom)\n* → Vietnamese: mạo phạm (冒犯)"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "冒犯",
      "name": "zh-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "roman": "màofànxìng",
          "word": "冒犯性"
        },
        {
          "word": "冒犯者"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              3,
              9
            ]
          ],
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              6
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              2
            ]
          ],
          "english": "to offend others",
          "roman": "màofàn dào biérén",
          "tags": [
            "Traditional-Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "冒犯到別人",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              3,
              9
            ]
          ],
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              6
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              2
            ]
          ],
          "english": "to offend others",
          "roman": "màofàn dào biérén",
          "tags": [
            "Simplified-Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "冒犯到别人",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              17,
              23
            ]
          ],
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              14,
              20
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              7
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I didn't mean to offend you.",
          "raw_tags": [
            "MSC"
          ],
          "roman": "Wǒ bùshì gùyì màofàn nǐ.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin",
            "Traditional-Chinese",
            "Simplified-Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "我不是故意冒犯你。",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to offend"
      ],
      "id": "en-冒犯-zh-verb-Sy0e7T7T",
      "links": [
        [
          "offend",
          "offend"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to offend"
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "roman": "qīnfàn",
          "word": "侵犯"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "roman": "tángtū",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "唐突"
        },
        {
          "roman": "gānfàn",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "干犯"
        },
        {
          "roman": "déshī",
          "tags": [
            "dialectal"
          ],
          "word": "得失"
        },
        {
          "roman": "dézuì",
          "word": "得罪"
        },
        {
          "word": "惹"
        },
        {
          "roman": "chōngfàn",
          "word": "沖犯"
        },
        {
          "roman": "chōngfàn",
          "word": "冲犯"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pèngzhuàng",
          "word": "碰撞"
        },
        {
          "roman": "chōngzhuàng",
          "word": "衝撞"
        },
        {
          "roman": "chōngzhuàng",
          "word": "冲撞"
        },
        {
          "roman": "chùfàn",
          "word": "觸犯"
        },
        {
          "roman": "chùfàn",
          "word": "触犯"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kāizuì",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "開罪"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kāizuì",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "开罪"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "màofàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄇㄠˋ ㄈㄢˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mou⁶ faan⁶"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q9186-Luilui6666-冒犯.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4e/LL-Q9186-Luilui6666-冒犯.wav/LL-Q9186-Luilui6666-冒犯.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4e/LL-Q9186-Luilui6666-冒犯.wav/LL-Q9186-Luilui6666-冒犯.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q9186-Luilui6666-冒犯.wav"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mo-fam"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mō͘-hoǎn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mō͘-hoān"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bō͘-hoān"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "màofàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄇㄠˋ ㄈㄢˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "màofàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mao⁴-fan⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "màu-fàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mawfann"
    },
    {
      "roman": "maofanʹ",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "маофань"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ fän⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mou⁶ faan⁶"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mouh faahn"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mou⁶ faan⁶"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mou⁶ fan⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mou̯²² faːn²²/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mo-fam"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mo fam"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hagfa-Pinyim"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mo⁴ fam⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mo⁵⁵ fam⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mō͘-hoǎn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mōo-huǎn"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɔ̃⁴¹⁻²² huan²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mō͘-hoān"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mōo-huān"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "moxhoan"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɔ̃²²⁻²¹ huan²²/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɔ̃³³⁻²¹ huan³³/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "IPA",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɔ̃³³⁻¹¹ huan³³/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "IPA",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Taiwan",
        "variant",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bō͘-hoān"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Taiwan",
        "variant",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bōo-huān"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Taiwan",
        "variant",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "boxhoan"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bɔ³³⁻²¹ huan³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Taiwan",
        "variant",
        "IPA",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bɔ³³⁻¹¹ huan³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Taiwan",
        "variant",
        "IPA",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "冒犯"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "màofànxìng",
      "word": "冒犯性"
    },
    {
      "word": "冒犯者"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "冒犯"
          },
          "expansion": "冒犯",
          "name": "lang"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ko",
            "2": "모범(冒犯)",
            "3": "",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "bor": "1",
            "id": "冒犯",
            "id2": "",
            "id3": "",
            "id4": "",
            "pos": "",
            "pos2": "",
            "pos3": "",
            "pos4": "",
            "t": "",
            "t2": "",
            "t3": "",
            "t4": ""
          },
          "expansion": "→ Korean: 모범(冒犯) (mobeom)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "mạo phạm",
            "bor": "1",
            "id": "冒犯",
            "pos": "",
            "t": "",
            "tr": "冒犯"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Vietnamese: mạo phạm (冒犯)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "冒犯",
            "2": "",
            "3": "모범",
            "4": "mạo phạm",
            "5": "",
            "6": "",
            "h": "冒犯",
            "j2": "",
            "j2t": "",
            "j3": "",
            "j3t": "",
            "j4": "",
            "j4t": "",
            "jdesc": "",
            "jje2": "",
            "jje2t": "",
            "jje3": "",
            "jje3t": "",
            "jje4": "",
            "jje4t": "",
            "jjedesc": "",
            "jjet": "",
            "jt": "",
            "k2": "",
            "k2t": "",
            "k3": "",
            "k3t": "",
            "k4": "",
            "k4t": "",
            "kdesc": "",
            "kt": "",
            "o": "冒犯",
            "o2": "",
            "o2t": "",
            "o3": "",
            "o3t": "",
            "o4": "",
            "o4t": "",
            "odesc": "",
            "ot": "",
            "s": "冒犯",
            "v": "冒犯",
            "v2": "",
            "v2t": "",
            "v3": "",
            "v3t": "",
            "v4": "",
            "v4t": "",
            "vdesc": "",
            "vt": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (冒犯):\n* → Korean: 모범(冒犯) (mobeom)\n* → Vietnamese: mạo phạm (冒犯)",
          "name": "CJKV/code"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "",
            "2": "",
            "3": "모범",
            "4": "mạo phạm"
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (冒犯):\n* → Korean: 모범(冒犯) (mobeom)\n* → Vietnamese: mạo phạm (冒犯)",
          "name": "CJKV"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sino-Xenic (冒犯):\n* → Korean: 모범(冒犯) (mobeom)\n* → Vietnamese: mạo phạm (冒犯)"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "冒犯",
      "name": "zh-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "qīnfàn",
      "word": "侵犯"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Cantonese lemmas",
        "Cantonese terms with audio pronunciation",
        "Cantonese verbs",
        "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Chinese lemmas",
        "Chinese terms spelled with 冒",
        "Chinese terms spelled with 犯",
        "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Chinese transitive verbs",
        "Chinese verbs",
        "Hakka lemmas",
        "Hakka verbs",
        "Hokkien lemmas",
        "Hokkien verbs",
        "Mandarin lemmas",
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples",
        "Mandarin verbs",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              3,
              9
            ]
          ],
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              6
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              2
            ]
          ],
          "english": "to offend others",
          "roman": "màofàn dào biérén",
          "tags": [
            "Traditional-Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "冒犯到別人",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              3,
              9
            ]
          ],
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              6
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              2
            ]
          ],
          "english": "to offend others",
          "roman": "màofàn dào biérén",
          "tags": [
            "Simplified-Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "冒犯到别人",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              17,
              23
            ]
          ],
          "bold_roman_offsets": [
            [
              14,
              20
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              7
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I didn't mean to offend you.",
          "raw_tags": [
            "MSC"
          ],
          "roman": "Wǒ bùshì gùyì màofàn nǐ.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin",
            "Traditional-Chinese",
            "Simplified-Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "我不是故意冒犯你。",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to offend"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "offend",
          "offend"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to offend"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "màofàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄇㄠˋ ㄈㄢˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mou⁶ faan⁶"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q9186-Luilui6666-冒犯.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4e/LL-Q9186-Luilui6666-冒犯.wav/LL-Q9186-Luilui6666-冒犯.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4e/LL-Q9186-Luilui6666-冒犯.wav/LL-Q9186-Luilui6666-冒犯.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q9186-Luilui6666-冒犯.wav"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mo-fam"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mō͘-hoǎn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mō͘-hoān"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bō͘-hoān"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "màofàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄇㄠˋ ㄈㄢˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "màofàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mao⁴-fan⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "màu-fàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mawfann"
    },
    {
      "roman": "maofanʹ",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "маофань"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ fän⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mou⁶ faan⁶"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mouh faahn"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mou⁶ faan⁶"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mou⁶ fan⁶"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mou̯²² faːn²²/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Hong Kong"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mo-fam"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mo fam"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hagfa-Pinyim"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mo⁴ fam⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mo⁵⁵ fam⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mō͘-hoǎn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mōo-huǎn"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɔ̃⁴¹⁻²² huan²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mō͘-hoān"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "mōo-huān"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "moxhoan"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɔ̃²²⁻²¹ huan²²/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɔ̃³³⁻²¹ huan³³/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "IPA",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/mɔ̃³³⁻¹¹ huan³³/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "General Taiwanese"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "IPA",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Taiwan",
        "variant",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bō͘-hoān"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Taiwan",
        "variant",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bōo-huān"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Taiwan",
        "variant",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "boxhoan"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bɔ³³⁻²¹ huan³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Taiwan",
        "variant",
        "IPA",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bɔ³³⁻¹¹ huan³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Taiwan",
        "variant",
        "IPA",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "tángtū",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "唐突"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gānfàn",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "干犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "déshī",
      "tags": [
        "dialectal"
      ],
      "word": "得失"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dézuì",
      "word": "得罪"
    },
    {
      "word": "惹"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chōngfàn",
      "word": "沖犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chōngfàn",
      "word": "冲犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pèngzhuàng",
      "word": "碰撞"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chōngzhuàng",
      "word": "衝撞"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chōngzhuàng",
      "word": "冲撞"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chùfàn",
      "word": "觸犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chùfàn",
      "word": "触犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kāizuì",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "開罪"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kāizuì",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "开罪"
    }
  ],
  "word": "冒犯"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 冒犯 meaning in All languages combined (8.1kB)

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  "path": [
    "冒犯"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "冒犯",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-02 using wiktextract (99a4ed9 and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.